Every week, the DFDS ferry shuttles the 480 kilometres between Copenhagen and Oslo, burning 35 tons of oil on its two-day journey, spewing filthy emissions from its smoke stack as it travels. But this is slowly changing.
By 2027, the Danish shipping firm hopes a new ship, the Europa Seaways, will run that route powered by compressed hydrogen and emitting only clean water in its wake.
The marine industry is one of the dirty secrets of climate change: we hear about cars, the cloud and even cows contributing to emissions, but marine transport emits 940 million tonnes of CO2 annually and is responsible for 2.5 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions, thanks to the dirty oil and diesel that's burned for propulsion.
"If international shipping was a country, it would be the fifth or sixth highest in the world [for greenhouse gases], between Germany and Japan," says Simon Bullock, a researcher at the University of Manchester's Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research - Link
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